Three Ways Physiotherapy Helps With Sciatica

The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body. It runs from the lower back all the way to the foot. If the sciatic nerve becomes pinched and/or irritated, it can result in a painful condition called sciatica.

Sciatica Symptoms

Sciatica usually causes pain that begins in the buttocks and radiates down one leg. The pain may be mild or severe enough to interfere with daily activities. It is usually described as shooting and/or sharp. However, it may also be dull. Other possible symptoms include tingling, numbness, and weakness. Symptoms are often aggravated by bending forward and backward.

Sciatica Causes

Herniated disk

Around 90% of sciatica cases are caused by herniated disks in the lower back (Koes et al., 2007). A herniated disk occurs when the rubbery pads between spinal bones slip out of position. This places enormous pressure on the sciatic nerve.

Other possible causes

Degenerative disk disease
Sitting for prolonged periods of time
Carrying heavy objects
Diabetes
Piriformis Syndrome

The importance of treatment

The good news is sciatica is very treatable. However, its treatment depends on how quickly the pressure is relieved. This is because, if left untreated pressure on a nerve can worsen leading to permanent nerve damage and/or chronic pain.

Here are three ways in which physiotherapy can help with sciatica:

1. Targeted exercises

A physiotherapist can help design a specific exercise plan to help alleviate the symptoms of sciatica. The exercises may target specific muscles that are contributing to the compression of the sciatic nerve. Strengthening these muscles can help reduce the pressure on the nerve and alleviate pain.

2. Manual therapy

Manual therapy is a hands-on approach that is used to mobilize soft tissues and joints. A physiotherapist can use manual therapy to mobilize the lower back and hips, which can help reduce the pressure on the sciatic nerve. This type of therapy can also help reduce muscle tension and improve flexibility.

3. Posture correction

Poor posture is a common cause of sciatica. A physiotherapist can assess your posture and help you correct any imbalances that may be contributing to your symptoms. This may involve exercises to improve posture or recommendations for ergonomic changes in your work environment.

Conclusion

Sciatica can be a painful and debilitating condition. However, with prompt and effective treatment, it is possible to relieve symptoms and prevent permanent damage.

Physiotherapy is a non-invasive and effective way to treat sciatica. By targeting the underlying causes of sciatica, such as poor posture and muscle imbalances, physiotherapy can help reduce the pressure on the sciatic nerve and alleviate pain.

If you are suffering from sciatica, consider seeing a physiotherapist to develop a personalized treatment plan to help you get back to your daily activities pain-free.

References

Koes, B. W., van Tulder, M. W., & Peul, W. C. (2007). Diagnosis and treatment of sciatica. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 334(7607), 1313–1317. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39223.428495.BE